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surat shabd yoga
Surat Shabd Yoga or Surat Shabda Yoga is a form of spiritual practice that is followed in the Sant Mat and many other related spiritual traditions. Surat means "attention," or "face," which is the outward expression of the soul,〔(Singh, Kirpal. Morning Talks, chapter 25, page 1, ("Righteousness - Detachment - Self-restraint.") ISBN 0-942735-16-1, Ruhani Satsang, (7th ed., 2003) ): "The whole thing depends upon your attention, or surat as it is called, which is the outward expression of your soul."〕 ''shabd'' means "word, ''logos''" and ''yoga'' means "union." The term "word" here means the "sound current," the "audible life Stream" or the "Essence of the Absolute Supreme Being," that is, the dynamic force of creative energy that was sent out, as sound vibration, from the Supreme Being into the abyss of space at the dawn of the universe's manifestation, and that is being sent forth, through the ages, framing all things that constitute and inhabit the universe.〔Singh, K., ''Naam or Word''. Blaine, WA: Ruhani Satsang Books. ISBN 0-942735-94-3, 1999; (BOOK TWO: SHABD, The Sound Principle ).〕
The etymology of "Surat Shabd Yoga" presents its purpose: the "Union of the Soul with the Essence of the Absolute Supreme Being." Other expressions for Surat Shabda Yoga include Sehaj Yoga (an easy path leading to Sehaj or equipoise) The Path of Light and Sound, The Path of the Sants, The Journey of Soul, and The Yoga of the Sound Current.
==Basic principles==
The stated purpose of Surat Shabda Yoga is to realize the individual's ''True Self'' (Self-Realization), ''True Essence'' (Spirit-Realization) and ''True Divinity'' (God-Realization) while living in the human physical body. This involves reuniting in stages with what is called the ''Essence of the Absolute Supreme Being'', the Shabd. Attaining such self-realization is believed to result in ''jivan'' ''moksha/mukti'', liberation/release from samsara, the cycle of karma and reincarnation. Initiation by a contemporary living Satguru (Sat - true, Guru - teacher) is considered a prerequisite for successful sadhana. The spiritual exercises (sadhanas) include simran (repetition, particularly silent repetition of a mantra given at initiation), dhyan (concentration, viewing, or contemplation, particularly on the Inner Master), and bhajan (listening to the inner sounds of the Shabd).
Surat Shabd Yoga arose in India in the last several hundred years in the context of the Sikh tradition founded by Guru Nanak. The practice of meditation on the inner sounds or shabd that is the central or core practice of Surat Shabd Yoga is clearly derived from the ancient Hindu practice of Nada Yoga, as expounded in various Hindu scriptures such as the Nada-Bindu-Upanishad, an ancient text affiliated with the several thousand-year-old Rig Veda. The practice of Nada Yoga within Hinduism has been widely affiliated or included within many yoga traditions, including bhakti or devotional yogas, kundalini and tantric yogas, laya yoga, and raja yoga. Modern Hindu teachers including or emphasizing Nada Yoga include Swami Sivananda, Swami Rama, Rammurti Mishra (Shri Brahmananda Sarasvati), Paramahansa Yogananda (Kriya Yoga Lineage), and others. The practice of Nada Yoga is an integral part of various other traditions as well, such as being a form of the advanced Thogal practice in the Tibetan Dzogchen lineage, and the central practice advocated by H.P. Blavatsky, founder of the Theosophical Society, in her book "The Voice of the Silence". In the form of Surat Shabd Yoga practiced by followers of Sant Mat and the Sikh tradition, Nada Yoga most resembles, and combines elements from, the Hindu practices of raja yoga, laya yoga, and bhakti yoga.
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